Mineral plaster: use in decorative work

What is building decoration? That's right, the final stage in its repair or construction. Have you ever thought about the fact that it is the finishing design that will become the personification of all, visible and invisible, work carried out. To give the house external and internal beauty will help universal finishing material - mineral plaster. We will talk about how to use it correctly in this article.

What's in the composition?

The main components of a mineral-type plaster mixture are:

1. Light natural filler.

2. Marble granulate.

3. Lime hydrate.

4. High quality Portland cement.

The presence of lime in the composition should not bother you. It will not dissolve under the influence of moisture, because it is fixed with special substances. The 4 leading mix options have proven themselves in the best way:

"Fur coat"

The second name is "lamb". The composition allows to realize textured surfaces. The main area of ​​application is facades. The finish is coarse-grained. Under a layer of such plaster, it is easy to hide the decorative flaws of the outer walls.

"Bark beetle"

Everyone is talking about the option. The mixture contains pebbles, which, when smoothing the surface, cut specific recesses in it. Universal type of plaster, suitable for both exterior and interior finishing work.

Plaster with marble filler

In the people it is often called "Bayramiks", associative with the brand that first introduced it. Today, similar compositions are produced by many enterprises. The plaster differs in colors and sizes of pebbles.

Venetian plaster

In its composition, fine-grained granite filler is used. After applying to the wall and additional waxing, it forms an unusually beautiful surface that imitates the texture of natural stone. The option is exclusive for interior design.

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Mineral plaster: classification and purpose

Manufacturers offer plaster mixtures suitable for:

• for interior work
• outdoor work.

Naturally, the composition of mineral plaster of each category will have significant differences.

Decorative plaster

Mixtures of this type are used for interior decoration. They perform two functions at once:

1. Protect the wall surface.

2. Give them a certain texture.

When choosing a suitable option, attention should be paid to the following indicators:

• type of binding base;
• filler type;
• granulate size.

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Types of fillers

Fillers in mineral plaster can be:

• Ceramic crumb. It is rarely found in mineral compositions due to the laboriousness of producing mixtures of this quality.

• Colored clay. The most popular option, as it belongs to the budget category and allows you to diversify the color range of mixtures.

• Glass crumb granulate. Interesting high decorative. Do not worry that the walls will turn out "prickly". Glass particles undergo specific processing, so their edges are smoothed.

• particles of anthracite. Charcoal filler is a component of dark-colored plaster mixtures. Rarely appears in the assortment of stores.

• Mica. In terms of decorativeness, the material is akin to glass. Allows you to create beautiful surfaces.

• Quartz. Mineral plaster with quartz for interior work captivates not only with its loyal cost, but also with its ease of use.

• Marble chips. Surfaces plastered with such a mixture have increased strength and an attractive appearance.

The degree of decorative effect of mineral plaster directly depends on the size of the filler.

• Coarse-textured mixtures contain particles with a diameter of 5 mm or more. Such compositions are optimal for outdoor work.

• Coarse mixtures are filled with 3.5 - 4.0 mm granulate. They are suitable for finishing surfaces that carry heavy loads. Area of ​​use: public premises, corridors.

• Medium compositions. They are classified as universal options. The granulate in them has a cross section of 1.5 - 3 mm. Demanded in the decoration of corridors and rooms with a humid microclimate.

• Fine blends. The filler in them is barely noticeable. The crumb size is up to 1 mm. Allows you to create surfaces of light relief, which makes plaster in demand in the decor of rooms of any functionality.

• Fine blends. The finely dispersed clays included in their composition provide surfaces with perfect smoothness.

Decorative mineral grade plaster is convenient and easy to use, perfectly adheres to a wide variety of bases, including: plasterboard, plywood, asbeto-cement, concrete.

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Plastering technology

Where to begin?

No matter how textured decorative plaster is, it will never lie beautifully on the walls if their surfaces have not gone through the process of preliminary leveling. If the decor is not newly settled surfaces, then they will have to be rid of the remnants of the old finish and dirt. After leveling, the base is covered with an acrylic primer.

Preparation for work of a mixture of mineral plaster does not cause problems. The recipe and procedure for preparing the working mixture are indicated on the packaging of the material.

There are two ways to work with a solution:

1. By applying it by hand.

2. Using a pump.

Work inside the premises is most often carried out manually, unless, of course, these are huge supermarket halls.

What will be needed?

In the list of necessary accessories:

- containers for mixing the working composition;

- different-sized spatulas;

- construction mixer;

- steel and plastic graters;

- trowel.

In addition to this, adhesive tape, plaster mesh, beacons, corner profiles and other specific things may be required.

How to apply

Spray

This is the simplest technique for creating a relief surface. It is carried out in two stages. Primarily - the wall is plastered in the standard manner. After the layer dries, it is given texture by spraying a new one. For work, you can use a regular broom and a stick. The broom must be immersed in the solution, and then hit it on the stick so that the spray hits the wall. The size of the resulting flakes will depend on the quality of the broom and the density of the working solution. You can do color combinations.For example, paint the base orange, and leave the spray drops white.

The Italian version of the finish is also performed in a similar way, only in this method one should not wait for the layers to dry. The applied spray is immediately smoothed out in such a way that it covers most of the base color, that is, it remains on the wall not in drops or “snowflakes”, but it turns out to be stains. Yellow-green solutions look interesting.

Structuring the surface with a trowel

You can decorate the surface in an original way with a trowel. In this case, again, a covering layer is placed, over which, with light movements, a plaster solution collected in a small amount on the trowel is thrown. In this case, you must try to complete a certain pattern.

bouffant hatching

Decorative work is carried out on a fresh layer of mineral plaster. The main working tool will be a metal brush, which is carried out along the treated surface in different directions. You can simulate brush strokes, perform abstraction, and so on. The finished area is left to dry for a day, after which it is cleaned from poorly adhering particles of the solution. This can be done with a sponge, rag or rubber spatula.

Roller stamping

The roller is also suitable for giving relief to decorated surfaces. There are tools on sale with a ready-made pattern, so you just have to roll it over a freshly plastered wall. Having certain talents, you can independently cut a stencil pattern on a roller role or do it even easier - wrap it with an ordinary rope. In the latter case, the pattern will be very reminiscent of grass stalks. It looks, by the way, very unusual.

Technique "sgraffito"

A rather complicated way of decor, however, it is quite possible to cope with such work on your own. Here you will need to apply several multi-colored layers of plaster. The choice of color combinations is free.

After applying the latter, stencils are involved in the work, better than geometric shapes. They mark the boundaries of the areas where the applied plaster will be removed. Make indentations with cutters or scrapers. The top layer can be removed in a rather large volume, then its remaining islands will look like an appliqué against the background of the underlying base. If you clean up small areas, then the effect of shading the picture will appear. In a similar style, you can process both the entire wall surface and make a wall panel.

Other options

If you do not consider yourself to be particularly creative, use mineral plaster of a special composition. It just needs to be applied to the wall and leveled. The pattern will appear on its own, after the solution dries.

Masking tape will help create geometric patterns on the surface or combine colors. It is applied to the prepared base along pre-drawn lines. After that, plaster is thrown on the wall and its layer is leveled using the rule. If a plaster composition of the "Bark beetle" type is used, then the texture is given to it with the help of a plastic grater, making circular or linear movements with it. The treated surface is allowed to stand for about 20 minutes, after which the layers of masking tape are removed. After the final drying of the plaster, the walls are varnished.

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Facade mineral plaster

The compositions of mineral plaster for outdoor use are coarse-grained. This is due to the fact that the facade decoration must have sufficient resistance to various adverse effects on it.The priority are pebble species that create embossed surfaces with a pronounced texture.

Application of mineral plaster on the facade can be done manually or with a mortar mixing pump. When working with him, you need to stand sideways to the wall. They take a pistol in their hand. It is necessary to ensure that its spout is perpendicular to the working surface. Now you can gradually open the valve. Mixing will begin in 30 seconds. Plaster can be applied by moving the gun vertically or horizontally. The recesses are filled first, if any. Then they move on to the corners. The main surface is covered with a solution last. In the future, the process of leveling or smoothing will follow. The rules work here.

It is possible to finish the facade with mineral plaster at a temperature not lower than 10 ° and not higher than 30 °. The minimum layer of application of the solution is 5 mm.

Whatever method of work you choose, the surface of the walls will have to be prepared for decoration. Without fail, it is necessary to repair the existing cracks, remove the remnants of old paint, remove grease or rust stains. Cracks are filled with cement mortar.

In facade work, a priming process is also inevitable to ensure optimal adhesion of the applied layer of mineral plaster. In this case, it is worth using primers containing an antiseptic.

When preparing a working plaster solution, do not violate the recommended mixing proportions. This may degrade its quality. Do not over mix. You will not have time to work it out before it “grabs”.

If you purchased mineral plaster in a ready-to-use form, but its consistency is too thick, dilute it with plain water.

Manual plastering of external walls can also be carried out according to the methods described above.

It is advisable to protect freshly finished surfaces from debris and strong winds during drying. The easiest way to do this is by hiding them under the film.

The last step will be to cover the decorated wall with a protective compound or paint.

Mineral plaster can be used on any surface, the main thing is that the latter is strong, even, has a uniform absorbent structure, and is not affected by fungus or mold.

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Choice Priorities

The modern market is full of offers of decorative and finishing mixtures of various qualities. Why should preference be given to plaster with a mineral composition, when the shelves are full of more tempting offers? First of all, for its naturalness. Secondly, it has good weather resistance. She is not afraid of rain, hail, frost and sunshine.

Do not destroy the structure of the coating and chemicals, the concentration of which is especially high in the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe tracks. Mineral plaster is an additional warming of the house. It has excellent vapor permeability and will allow the walls to "breathe", which means that the house will last much longer and the microclimate in it will always be healthy. The estimated service life is 10 years.

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Conclusion

Mineral plaster is easy to work with, has a moderate cost, and at the same time gives you the opportunity to decorate walls in a wide variety of angles, so you will not be limited in your fantasies. If you want to save time and nerves, then entrust the finishing work to the hands of professionals. You should be happy with the result.

Photo gallery - mineral plasters

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Video

 

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